MenuGeneral Gilbert Désiré Joseph Bachelu
Born: February 9, 1777
Place of Birth: Dôle, Jura, France
Died: June 16, 1849
Place of Death: Paris, France
Arc de Triomphe: BACHELU on the south pillar
Pronunciation:
The son of an auditor in the city of Dôle, Gilbert Désiré Joseph Bachelu was too young to serve in the military at the beginning of the French Revolution. In February of 1794 he was accepted into the engineering school at Metz as a sous-lieutenant. The following year Bachelu joined the Army of the Rhine and he received two promotions, to lieutenant and then to capitaine.
In 1798 Bachelu joined the Army of the Orient and traveled with them to Egypt. The next year he distinguished himself at the defense of Kosséir, and then in 1800 he again distinguished himself, this time at the defense of Cairo. Afterwards Bachelu was promoted to chef de bataillon by General Kléber.
After returning to France in 1801, Bachelu briefly served as deputy director of fortifications before being designated for the expedition to Saint-Domingue. After arriving at Saint-Domingue, he took part in the attack on the fort of Crête and then in July of 1802 he was promoted to chef de brigade and made General Leclerc's aide-de-camp. After Leclerc's death due to yellow fever, Bachelu set sail with Pauline Bonaparte to return to France. Bachelu was then made the chief of staff of engineers at the camp of Boulogne.
In 1805 Bachelu was named colonel of the 11th of the Line that was serving in Holland under General Marmont. His unit became part of II Corps of the Grande Armée and in 1806 he began serving in Dalmatia and distinguished himself at Castelnuovo. In June of 1809 Bachelu was promoted to général de brigade and then employed in the 1st Division of Marmont's XI Corps and he went on to fight at the Battle of Wagram in July.
General Bachelu was next sent to the Army of Illyria in 1810 and then named a Baron of the Empire. In 1811 he became deputy commander at Danzig for a few months and afterwards he served with the general staff at Danzig. For the campaign in Russia of 1812, Bachelu commanded a brigade in Macdonald's X Corps. During the retreat he took command of the rearguard from Tilsit to Danzig, fighting off the enemy at Labiau, Rosenberg, and Stublau. Bachelu then remained at Danzig throughout 1813, defending the city and receiving a promotion to général de division in June. When the city was finally forced to surrender in January of 1814, he was taken prisoner and held until after Napoleon's abdication in April brought an end to the war.
Bachelu returned to France and was made a Knight of Saint Louis but he rallied to Napoleon when Napoleon returned from Elba in 1815 for the Hundred Days. Given command of the 5th Division of Reille's II Corps, he took part in the campaign in Belgium that June and served at Quatre Bras and Waterloo, where he was wounded in the attack on Hougoumont. After Napoleon's second abdication, Bachelu was put on non-activity by the restored Bourbons and then imprisoned in October. Finally brought to trial, he was exiled from France but allowed to return in 1817. Bachelu retired from the army in 1824 but returned to the military briefly after the July Revolution of 1830. Later that year he was elected a deputy of Jura and in 1838 he was elected to represent Saône-et-Loire.
Bibliography
Updated June 2024
© Nathan D. Jensen